macOS Sierra, released on September 20th 2016, introduced a compatibility issue with MATLAB.
The issue is related to Language & Region preferences, and it may result in file corruption. Determine if your Language & Region combination requires a patch.
Additional Details
On October 6th MathWorks applied a patch to MATLAB and MATLAB Runtime in the downloadable version of R2016b for Mac.
No patch is required if you downloaded R2016b after October 6th.
Please contact MathWorks Support with any questions.